26 Mar quantifiers

In formal logic we have two kinds of qualifiers, existential and universal. The backwards capital E is the existential quantifier. It means ‘there are some’ or ‘sometimes’ and it modifies the variable it precedes. The inverted capital A is the universal quantifier. It means ‘for all’ or ‘always’ and it modifies the variable it precedes. The universal quantifier followed by a negated expression means ‘never.’ Be careful with the universal quantifier. Truly fuzzy systems imply frugal use or non-use of always or never.
Keywords: logic
formalism
equation
multi-valued logic
reasoning
References: algorithms
automata
computing
formalisms
logic
rules